Question 1 : Bronchiolitis Obliterans is caused by?

a. Respiratory Syncitial Virus
b. Adenovirus
c. H. Influenzae
d. Mycoplasma


If you went for RSV, you are 'absolutely wrong'.

Answer: (B) Adenovirus

References :
1) Nelson 18th 1781

"Bronchiolitis Obliterans is a rare, chronic lung disease of the bronchioles and smaller airways. BO most commonly occurs in the pediatric population after respiratory infections (Adenovirus, Mycoplasma, measles, Legionella, influenza, Pertrusis). "

2) "Adenoviruses were the most common etiologic agents identified serologically."

Postinfectious Bronchiolitis obliterans in Children: Clinical and Radiological Profile and Prognostic Factors
Ebru Yalçn^a, Deniz Doru^a, Mithat Halilolu^b, Uur Özçelik^a, Nural Kiper^a, Ayhan Göçmen^a

http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Doi=72900

3)"Bronchiolitis obliterans complicated by infections, Stevens–Johnson syndrome was found in eight and two patients, respectively. In children with post-infectious BO, adenoviruses were the most common etiologic agents (7/8). Among them, six patients needed intensive management and five patients needed mechanical ventilation. All patients presented persistent dyspneic respirations and wheezing since the initial lung infection. Initial focal atelectasis (n = 3) on chest radiographs progressed to atelectasis/lobar collapse (n = 8) when the diagnosis of BO was made. After adequate supportive management, atelectatic bronchiectasis was the most common complication (n = 5)."

Bronchiolitis obliterans in children: Clinical presentation, therapy and long-term follow-up

Chih-Yung Chiu, ^1,2 Kin-Sun Wong, ¹ Yhu-Chering Huang ¹ and Tzou-Yien Lin ¹

Department of ¹Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and ² Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan

http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119412572/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0